Furnace



(N0 Mdel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. REYNOLDS.

FURNAGE.

PEN

2 S. m om NN YR EU RF L No. 263,582. Patented Aug. 29, 1882.

Niere STATES PATENT Tarea.

EDVVIINT REYNOLDS, OF MILWAUKEE, VISGONSIN.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 263,582, dated August 29, 1882. Application filed December 24, 1881. (No model.)

To all 'whom lt may concern:

Beit known that I, EDWIN REYNOLDS, a citizen of the United States, residing atMilwaukee, Wisconsin, have invented new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specitication.

My invention relates to steam-boiler and other furnaces, its object being to improve their construction with a view tothe perfect combustion of the fuel and the prevention ofsmoke.

To this end my invention consists in the construction of a furnace with two tire-chambers arranged -to discharge their gaseous products of combustion into a common combustion-chamber, so that by alternate tiring the gases and smoke evolved from fresh charges of coal fed to one tire-chamber shall come into contactand mingle with the more highly heated gases issuing from the other tire-chamber, whereby the average temperature of the combined gases in the combustion-chamber may be constantly maintained at or above that required for perfect combustion.

My invention consists, further, in the combination, with the two fire-chambers and their common combastion-chamber, of one or more air-heating lines provided with suitable controlling devices arranged to discharge heated air into the said combustion-chamber, there to mingle with the gases to aid a complete combustion. l

Itconsists, also, in the details ofconstruction,

hereinafter more fully described, as a mode of carrying the principles of my invention into effect. l My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, showing preferred forms of construction. ln these Figure l is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a cylindrical steam-boiler and setting t0 which my invention is applied; Fig. 2, a/plan section taken inimediately beneath the boiler through the firechambers; Fig. 3, a cross-sectional elevation of same, taken through the grates and lire-chambers; and Fig. 4, a plan section, showing a slightly-modiiied form of construction embodying the same principles.

The parts referred to in the specification are designated by letters of reference corresponding with those upon the drawings.

A designates a cylindrical boiler, which is set horizontally in brick-work in the ordinary manner, the setting being such as is commonly employed for line-boilers, excepting as to the `construction of that part situated forward of the bridge-wall B, as hereinafter described.

In applying my invention I construct the forward part of the setting somewhat wider than usual, in ordertointroduce two lire-places, C CZ-one at each side-provided with gratebars, with a-n intervening chamber, D, constituting the combustion or heating` chamber and part ofthe outlet to the stack. The lire-places C (J2 are of rectangular form, whose outside and front inclosing walls are the side and front Walls, respectively, ot' the boiler-setting, and whose inside and end walls are partitions o c2, built within the general inclosure of the boilersetting, iiush up against the boiler-shell. The chambers, opening to the front by ordinary lire-doors, communicate with the centralchamber, D, preferably by one or more horizontal rows of openings, d d2, arranged just below the boiler through the brick partition-walls, separating said fire-places from the intervening chamber D. The tire-places Gf C2 areentirely closed above by the boiler, so thatthe only egress therefrom for the gaseous products of combustion is through the apertures liuto the chamber D. The bridge is arranged sufficiently in rear of the tire-places C to permit the gases to expand laterally to lill the entire space between the side walls before reaching it, in order that in passing o ver it the heat may be uniformly distributed to the boiler-shell.

Where bituminous coals are used which produce a large amount of smoke I add to the construction thus described a means of introducing heated air to the gases in the combustion-chamber D. This consists of a pipe, E, arranged centrally in the furnace from front to rear, preferably on a line just below the openings d. That portion ofthe pipe forward ofthe bridge B in the comluistion-chamber D is provided with numerous perforations, as shown, and at its rear end the pipe opens through the furnace-wall to the outer air, and is provided with a register or damper, e, controlled from the front by a rod passing entirely through the pipe and operated bya handle, F.

L' acess? It isintended by means of the register to regulate the quantity of air admitted to the combustion-chamber D, as occasioumay require, and the air drawn through the pipe by the natural draft ot' the furnace is heated in its passage by the pipe itself, which thus lies in the path ofthe products of combustion to the stack.

AThe operation of the furnace is as follows: The fuel is distributed in the tire-places C C2, the tires being fed alternately, so that when one lire is receiving fuel the otheris incandescent and giving oii its gases at a high temperature. The products of combustion meet in the central chamber, D, in a divided state from passing through the apertures d d2 in thc partition-walls e e2, and as they become mingled the surplus heat of the gases from the incandescent tire elevates the temperature of the gases from t-he greeniire, so that both are maintained at the temperature required for thorough combustion. The introduction of heated air to these gases at the moment ot' their meeting and mingling in the combustion-chamber is under such conditions as facilitate their thorough mingling, so that the gases, being elevated to a proper temperature and thoroughly mingled withtherequiredamountofoxygen,pass thence from the combustion-chamber in a state ot perfect combustion. The addition of heated air by the air-pipe E or otherwise may, however, in some cases be dispensed with, as with some fuels a sutiicient excess of air will pass through the grates and body of luel to answer all purposes; but with bituminous coals the air-pipe is to be preferred.

I have shown in Fig. 4 a slightly modified arrangement, in which the intervening chamber D is dispensed with, or, rather, placed at the rear, and the tire-places separated by a partition-wall, G, in com mon. The rear walls, c2, ot' the "tire-places are in effect wing-walls extending inwardly from the side walls of the setting, leaving a common cental throat between them, through which the products of combustion from both tire-places pass.

I have shown the air-tube E extending from the front directly through the common partition-wall G, having a controlling-register, e, in front, and arranged to discharge air centrally in the line of draft between the wing-walls c3 into the throat D', which corresponds in effect with the combustion-chamberD, tirst described.

Instead of thc air-passage E', arranged in the central partition, G, as described, suitable air-dues may be arranged in the side walls ot' thefurnace, extending through the wing-walls,

' so as to discharge directly into the throat D,

as indicated by dotted lines in the drawings.

There are other modifications which might be made in the construction without departing from the spirit of my invention..

While for the purpose of convenient illustration I have shown my invention as applied to the ordinary boiler with brick setting, it may be applied with equal facility to tire-box boilers. Th us, referring to Fig. 4 for illustration, and considering B to indicate the position of the tube-sheet, the partition Grand wingwalls c's may be constructed as water-legs]7 giving the same general conformation to the parts as shown. In this case the air-tube E would of course be otherwise arranged than as shown in the figure, or omitted, and other provision made for admitting heated air to the gases at the point designated; or the wingwalls 03 might be so constructed, and the central partition, G, built of briclf-work or tiling with air-passage E', as shown, which arrangement would perhaps be preferable, as I have reference here to the application ot' my invention to existing boilers in which radical changes of construction might be iinpracticable. In constructing a boiler, however, originally for this purpose, either form of my invention could be embodied with facility.

I am aware that the smoke and gases from a green tire have been carried to a clear-tire chamber, mingled with heated air, and consumed, but I am not aware that the products of combustion from a green tire have ever before been mingled with the llames and gases from a high fire in a mixing-chamber containing no grate or fuel, and burned without the aid of a special lire in said chamber. I do not therefore claim the intermediate tire-grate and clear fire; but an intermediate mixing-chamber in which the gases, smoke, and heated air are mingled and consumed without a special ire I believe to be new.

I am also aware that a hot-air pipe has been arranged to deliver heated air to the smoke and gases from the tire chamber or chambers to cause the mingled elements to be completely consumed.

Having described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States- The combination, in a boiler-furnace, of two independent tire-places, an intermediate chamber in which the gases and products of combustion are mingled and consumed without the aid of a special tire in said chamber, an independent bridge-wall, and a perforated pipe extending'from the outside ot' the furnace through the smoke-arch and bridge-wall and into the mixing-chamber, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereotI have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWIN REYNOLDS.

lvitnesses Gao. H. TUCKER, Jr., WM. K. DoWNEY.

IOC 

